1 (return)
[ See ii. 1.]
2 (return)
[ {'Amasin}. This
accusative must be taken with {eprexe}. Some Editors adopt the conjecture
{'Amasi}, to be taken with {memphomenos} as in ch. 4, "did this because he
had a quarrel with Amasis."]
3 (return)
[ See ii. 152, 154.]
4 (return)
[ {Suron}: see ii. 104.]
5 (return)
[ {keinon}: most MSS. and
many editions have {keimenon}, "laid up."]
6 (return)
[ {demarkhon}.]
7 (return)
[ {exaireomenos}: explained
by some "disembarked" or "unloaded."]
8 (return)
[ Or "Orotal."]
9 (return)
[ {dia de touton}.]
10 (return)
[ {trion}: omitted by
some good MSS.]
11 (return)
[ See ii. 169.]
12 (return)
[ {alla kai tote uathesan
ai Thebai psakadi}.]
13 (return)
[ The so-called {Leukon
teikhon} on the south side of Memphis: cp. ch. 91.]
14 (return)
[ {omoios kai} omitting
{a}.]
15 (return)
[ {pentakosias mneas}.]
16 (return)
[ {aneklaion}: perhaps
{anteklaion}, which has most MS. authority, may be right, "answer their
lamentations."]
17 (return)
[ See ch. 31.]
18 (return)
[ {egeomenon}: some
Editors adopt the conjecture {agomenon}, "was being led."]
19 (return)
[ {sphi}: so in the MSS.:
some editions (following the Aldine) have {oi}.]
20 (return)
[ {to te}: a correction
for {tode}: some Editors read {tode, to}, "by this, namely by the case
of," etc.]
21 (return)
[ "gypsum."]
22 (return)
[ {epi}, lit. "after."]
23 (return)
[ {leukon tetragonon}: so
the MSS. Some Editors, in order to bring the statement of Herodotus into
agreement with the fact, read {leukon ti trigonon}, "a kind of white
triangle": so Stein.]
24 (return)
[ {epi}: this is altered
unnecessarily by most recent Editors to {upo}, on the authority of
Eusebius and Pliny, who say that the mark was under the tongue.]
25 (return)
[ {ekeino}: some
understand this to refer to Cambyses, "that there was no one now who would
come to the assistance of Cambyses, if he were in trouble," an office
which would properly have belonged to Smerdis, cp. ch. 65: but the other
reference seems more natural.]
26 (return)
[ Epilepsy or something
similar.]
2601 (return)
[ Cp. note on i.
114.]
27 (return)
[ {pros ton patera
[telesai] Kuron}: the word {telesai} seems to be corrupt. Stein suggests
{eikasai}, "as compared with." Some Editors omit the word.]
28 (return)
[ {nomon panton basilea
pheras einai}: but {nomos} in this fragment of Pindar is rather the
natural law by which the strong prevail over the weak.]
29 (return)
[ {iakhon}: Stein reads
by conjecture {skhon}, "having obtained possession."]
30 (return)
[ {mede}: Abicht reads
{meden} by conjecture.]
31 (return)
[ {alla}, under the
influence of the preceding negative.]
32 (return)
[ {prosson} refers
grammatically only to {autos}, and marks the reference as being chiefly to
himself throughout the sentence.]
33 (return)
[ {prorrizos}, "by the
roots."]
34 (return)
[ {toi tesi pathesi}: the
MSS. mostly have {toi autaisi} or {toiautaisi}.]
35 (return)
[ See i. 51.]
36 (return)
[ {es Aigupton epetheke},
"delivered it (to a messenger to convey) to Egypt."]
37 (return)
[ The island of
Carpathos, the modern Scarpanto.]
38 (return)
[ {to thulako
periergasthai}: which is susceptible of a variety of meanings. In a
similar story told of the Chians the Spartans are made to say that it
would have been enough to show the empty bag without saying anything.
(Sext. Empir. ii. 23.) Probably the meaning here is that if they were
going to say so much, they need not have shown the bag, for the words were
enough without the sight of the bag: or it may be only that the words
{o thulakos} were unnecessary in the sentence {o thulakos alphiton
deitai}.]
39 (return)
[ See i. 70.]
40 (return)
[ {genee}. To save the
chronology some insert {trite} before {genee}, but this will be useless
unless the clause {kata de ton auton khronon tou kreteros te arpage} be
omitted, as it is also proposed to do. Periander is thought to have died
about 585 B.C.; but see v. 95.]
41 (return)
[ The MSS. add {eontes
eoutoisi}, and apparently something has been lost. Stein and others follow
Valckenär in adding {suggenees}, "are ever at variance with one another in
spite of their kinship."]
42 (return)
[ {noo labon}: the MSS.
have {now labon kai touto}.]
43 (return)
[ {iren zemien}.]
44 (return)
[ {tauta ta nun ekhon
presseis}: the form of sentence is determined by its antithesis to {ta
agatha ta nun ego ekho}.]
45 (return)
[ {basileus}, because
already destined as his father's successor.]
46 (return)
[ {sphea}: the MSS. have
{sphe} here, and in the middle of the next chapter.]
4601 (return)
[ The Lacedemonians
who were not Dorians had of course taken part in the Trojan war.]
47 (return)
[ {leuka genetai}.]
48 (return)
[ {prutaneia}.]
49 (return)
[ {lokhon}.]
50 (return)
[ {prosiskhon}: some read
{proseskhon}, "had put in."]
51 (return)
[ {kai ton tes Diktunes
neon}: omitted by some Editors.]
52 (return)
[ {orguias}.]
53 (return)
[ {stadioi}.]
54 (return)
[ {kai}: the MSS. have
{kata}.]
55 (return)
[ {en te gar anthropeie
phusi ouk enen ara}.]
56 (return)
[ Or possibly, "the most
necessary of those things which remain to be done, is this."]
57 (return)
[ {apistie polle
upekekhuto}, cp. ii. 152.]
58 (return)
[ Or perhaps Phaidymia.]
59 (return)
[ {Gobrues} or
{Gobrues}.]
60 (return)
[ {'Intaphrenea}: this
form, which is given by at least one MS. throughout, seems preferable, as
being closer to the Persian name which it represents, "Vindafrana," cp. v.
25. Most of the MSS. have {'Intaphernea}.]
61 (return)
[ {phthas emeu}.]
62 (return)
[ {ti}: some MSS. have
{tis}, "in order that persons may trust (themselves) to them more."]
63 (return)
[ i.e. "let him be killed
on the spot."]
64 (return)
[ {ta panta muria}, "ten
thousand of every possible thing," (or, "of all the usual gifts"; cp. ch.
84 {ten pasan doreen}).]
65 (return)
[ {dethen}.]
66 (return)
[ {oideonton ton
pregmaton}: "while things were swelling," cp. ch. 127: perhaps here,
"before things came to a head."]
6601 (return)
[ {andreona}, as in
ch. 121.]
67 (return)
[ {ana te edramon palin},
i.e. they ran back into the room out of which they had come to see what
was the matter; with this communicated a bedchamber which had its light
only by the open door of communication.]
6701 (return)
[ {magophonia}.]
68 (return)
[ Or, "after it had
lasted more than five days," taking {thorubos} as the subject of
{egeneto}. The reason for mentioning the particular number five seems to
be contained in the passage quoted by Stein from Sextus Empiricus,
{enteuphen kai oi Person kharientes nomon ekhousi, basileos par' autois
teleutesantos pente tas ephexes emeras anomian agein}.]
69 (return)
[ See vi. 43.]
70 (return)
[ {isonomie}, "equal
distribution," i.e. of civil rights.]
71 (return)
[ {ouden oikeion}: the
MSS. have {ouden oud' oikeion}, which might be translated "anything of its
own either."]
72 (return)
[ {to lego}: the MSS.
have {ton lego}, "each of the things about which I speak being best
in its own kind." The reading {to logo}, which certainly gives a more
satisfactory meaning, is found in Stobæus, who quotes the passage.]
73 (return)
[ {kakoteta}, as opposed
to the {arete} practised by the members of an aristocracy.]
74 (return)
[ {okto kaiebdomekonta
mneas}: the MSS. have {ebdomekonta mneas} only, and this reading seems to
have existed as early as the second century of our era: nevertheless the
correction is required, not only by the facts of the case, but also by
comparison with ch. 95.]
75 (return)
[ {nomos}, and so
throughout.]
76 (return)
[ or "Hygennians."]
77 (return)
[ i.e. the Cappadokians,
see i. 6.]
7701 (return)
[ See ii. 149.]
78 (return)
[ {muriadas}: the MSS.
have {muriasi}. With {muriadas} we must supply {medimnon}. The {medimnos}
is really about a bushel and a half.]
79 (return)
[ {Pausikai}: some MSS.
have {Pausoi}.]
80 (return)
[ {tous anaspastous
kaleomenous}.]
81 (return)
[ {Kaspioi}: some read by
conjecture {Kaspeiroi}, others {Kasioi}.]
82 (return)
[ {ogdokonta kai
oktakosia kai einakiskhilia}: the MSS. have {tesserakonta kai pentakosia
kai einakiskhilia} (9540), which is irreconcilable with the total sum
given below, and also with the sum obtained by adding up the separate
items given in Babylonian talents, whether we reduce them by the
proportion 70:60 given by the MSS. in ch. 89, or by the true proportion
78:60. On the other hand the total sum given below is precisely the sum of
the separate items (after subtracting the 140 talents used for the defence
of Kilikia), reduced in the proportion 78:60; and this proves the
necessity of the emendation here ({thop} for {thphm}) as well as supplying
a strong confirmation of that adopted in ch. 89.]
83 (return)
[ The reckoning
throughout is in round numbers, nothing less than the tens being
mentioned.]
84 (return)
[ {oi peri te Nusen}:
perhaps this should be corrected to {oi te peri Nusen}, because the
{sunamphoteroi} which follows seem to refer to two separate peoples.]
85 (return)
[ The passage "these
Ethiopians—dwellings" is marked by Stein as doubtful on internal
grounds. The Callantian Indians mentioned seem to be the same as the
Callantians mentioned in ch. 38.]
86 (return)
[ {khoinikas}.]
87 (return)
[ {dia penteteridos}.]
88 (return)
[ i.e. the Indus.]
89 (return)
[ Either {auton
tekomenon} is to be taken absolutely, equivalent to {autou tekomenou}, and
{ta krea} is the subject of {diaphtheiresthai}; or {auton} is the subject
and {ta krea} is accusative of definition, "wasting away in his flesh."
Some MSS. have {diaphtheirein}, "that he is spoiling his flesh for them."]
90 (return)
[ {gar}: some would read
{de}, but the meaning seems to be, "this is done universally, for in the
case of weakness arising from old age, the same takes place."]
91 (return)
[ {pros arktou te kai
boreo anemou}.]
92 (return)
[ This clause indicates
the manner in which the size is so exactly known.]
93 (return)
[ {autoi}, i.e. in
themselves as well as in their habits. Some MSS. read {to} for {autoi},
which is adopted by several Editors; others adopt the conjecture
{autois}.]
94 (return)
[ i.e. two in each
hind-leg.]
95 (return)
[ {kai paraluesthai}:
{kai} is omitted in some MSS. and by some Editors.]
96 (return)
[ {ouk omou}: some
Editors omit {ouk}: the meaning seems to be that in case of necessity they
are thrown off one after another to delay the pursuing animals.]
97 (return)
[ The meaning of the
passage is doubtful: possibly it should be translated (omitting {kai})
"the male camels, being inferior in speed to the females, flag in their
course and are dragged along, first one and then the other."]
9701 (return)
[ See ii. 75.]
98 (return)
[ {metri}: the MSS. have
{metre}, "womb," but for this Herod. seems to use the plural.]
99 (return)
[ {metera}: most MSS.
have {metran}.]
100 (return)
[ Most of the MSS. have
{auton} before {ta melea}, which by some Editors is omitted, and by others
altered to {autika}. If {auton} is to stand it must be taken with
{katapetomenas}, "flying down upon them," and so it is punctuated in the
Medicean MS.]
101 (return)
[ {elkea}. There is a
play upon the words {epelkein} and {elkea} which can hardly be reproduced
in translation.]
102 (return)
[ {Kassiteridas}.]
103 (return)
[ {o kassiteros}.]
104 (return)
[ cp. iv. 13.]
105 (return)
[ {akinakea}.]
106 (return)
[ This is the second of
the satrapies mentioned in the list, see ch. 90, named from its chief
town. Oroites also possessed himself of the first satrapy, of which the
chief town was Magnesia (ch. 122), and then of the third (see ch. 127).]
107 (return)
[ The satrapy of
Daskyleion is the third in the list, see ch. 90.]
108 (return)
[ {su gar en andron
logo}.]
109 (return)
[ Or, "banqueting
hall," cp. iv. 95.]
110 (return)
[ {apestrammenon}: most
of the MSS. have {epestrammenon}, "turned towards (the wall)."]
11001 (return)
[ "whenever he
(i.e. Zeus) rained."]
111 (return)
[ This clause, "as
Amasis the king of Egypt had foretold to him," is omitted in some MSS. and
by some Editors.]
112 (return)
[ {oideonton eti ton
pregmaton}: cp. ch. 76.]
113 (return)
[ i.e. satrapies: see
ch. 89, 90.]
114 (return)
[ {apikomenon kai
anakomisthenton}: the first perhaps referring to the slaves and the other
to the rest of the property.]
115 (return)
[ i.e. the art of
evasion.]
116 (return)
[ {es tou khrosou ten
theken}: {es} is not in the MSS., which have generally {tou khrusou sun
theke}: one only has {tou khrusou ten theken}.]
117 (return)
[ {stateras}: i.e. the
{stater Dareikos} "Daric," worth about £1; cp. note on vii. 28.]
118 (return)
[ {ekaton mneon}, "a
hundred minae," of which sixty go to the talent.]
119 (return)
[ This passage, from
"for this event happened" to the end of the chapter, is suspected as an
interpolation by some Editors, on internal grounds.]
120 (return)
[ Tarentum. Italy means
for Herodotus the southern part of the peninsula only.]
121 (return)
[ {restones}: so one
inferior MS., probably by conjectural emendation: the rest have
{krestones}. The Ionic form however of {rastone} would be {reistone}. Some
would read {khrestones}, a word which is not found, but might mean the
same as {kresmosunes} (ix. 33), "in consequence of the request of
Demokedes."]
122 (return)
[ {kat' emporien
strateuomenoi}: some MSS. read {kat' emporien, oi de strateuomenoi}, "some
for trade, others serving in the army."]
123 (return)
[ {prothura}.]
124 (return)
[ {e tis e oudeis}.]
125 (return)
[ {isonomien}: see ch.
80, note.]
126 (return)
[ {all' oud' axios eis
su ge}. Maiandrios can claim no credit or reward for giving up that of
which by his own unworthiness he would in any case have been deprived.]
127 (return)
[ {ou de ti}: some read
{oud' eti} or {ou de eti}, "no longer kept the purpose."]
128 (return)
[ {en gorgure}: the
word also means a "sewer" or "conduit."]
129 (return)
[ {prosempikraneesthai
emellon toisi Samioisi}.]
130 (return)
[ {tous
diphrophoreumenous}: a doubtful word: it seems to be a sort of title
belonging to Persians of a certain rank, perhaps those who were
accompanied by men to carry seats for them, the same as the {thronoi}
mentioned in ch. 144; or, "those who were borne in litters."]
131 (return)
[ {sageneusantes}: see
vi. 31. The word is thought by Stein to have been interpolated here.]
132 (return)
[ Or, "are very highly
accounted and tend to advancement."]
133 (return)
[ "opposite to."]
134 (return)
[ The words "and to the
Persians" are omitted in some MSS.]