1 (return)
[ Some enterprises had been
entrusted to others, e.g. the attack on Samos; but this had not been the
case with the capture of Babylon, therefore some Editors have proposed
corrections, e.g. {au tou} (Schweighäuser), and {autika} (Stein).]
2 (return)
[ See i. 106.]
3 (return)
[ {tes ano 'Asies}: this
means Eastern Asia as distinguished from the coasts of Asia Minor; see i.
103 and 177.]
4 (return)
[ {katapausantes}: the
expression is awkward if meant to be equivalent to {kai katepausan}, but
it is hardly improved by the alteration to {katapausontes}. Perhaps the
clause is out of place.]
5 (return)
[ {ponos}.]
6 (return)
[ {peristixantes}: so the
two best MSS.; others have {peristesantes} or {peristexantes}. The word
{peristixantes} would be from {peristikho}, equivalent to {peristikhizo},
and is acknowledged in this sense by Hesychius.]
7 (return)
[ The connexion is not clear
either at the beginning of the chapter or here. This clause would seem to
be a repetition of that at the beginning of the chapter, and that which
comes between should be an explanation of the reason why the slaves are
blinded. As it stands, however, we can only refer it to the clause which
follows, {ou gar arotai eisi alla nomades}, and even so there is no real
solution of the difficulty, for it is not explained why nomads should have
blinded slaves. Perhaps the best resource is to suppose that some part of
the explanation, in connexion with the manner of dealing with the milk,
has been lost.]
8 (return)
[ {te per}: a conjectural
emendation for {e per}, "which is a very great lake".]
9 (return)
[ {epi touton arkhonton}:
the word {arkhonton} is omitted in some MSS. and by some Editors.]
10 (return)
[ {sagarin}.]
11 (return)
[ {tous basileious}: so
Wesseling. The MSS. have {tous basileas}, "the kings," which may perhaps
be used here as equivalent to {tous basileious}: some Editors, including
Stein, adopt the conjecture {tou basileos}, "from the youngest of them
who, was king, those who," etc.]
12 (return)
[ {tou basileos}: some
Editors read by conjecture {Skolotou basileos}, "after their king
Scolotos".]
1201 (return)
[ {katazonnumenon}: or
{kata tade zonnumenon}, "girded in this manner".]
13 (return)
[ {mekhanesasthai ten
metera Skuthe}: the better MSS. read {mekhanasthai} and {Skuthen}: the
meaning seems doubtful, and some Editors would omit the clause as an
interpolation.]
14 (return)
[ {pros pollous deomenon}:
the better MSS. read {pro pollou deomena}. The passage has been emended in
various ways, e.g. {pros pollous deoi menontas} (Buttmann), {pros pollous
menontas} (Bredow), {pro spodou deomenon} (Stein).]
15 (return)
[ {poiesas}: some
authorities have {eipas}.]
16 (return)
[ Italy means for
Herodotus only the Southern part of the peninsula.]
17 (return)
[ {diekosioisi}: so the
best authorities; others have {priekosioisi}.]
18 (return)
[ {'Italioteon}, i.e.
Hellenic settlers in Italy.]
19 (return)
[ {to agalmati to
'Apollonos}: {agalma} is used for anything dedicated to a god, most
commonly the sacred image.]
20 (return)
[ {katuperthe}: "above,"
i.e. beyond them towards the North. Similarly when dealing with Libya the
writer uses the same word of those further from the coast towards the
South; see ch. 174.]
21 (return)
[ {en autoisi toisi epesi
poieon}: "even in the verses which he composed," in which he might be
expected as a poet to go somewhat beyond the literal truth.]
22 (return)
[ Or, "Alizonians".]
23 (return)
[ {'Olbiopolitas}.]
24 (return)
[ See ch. 101, where the
day's journey is reckoned at 200 stades (23 English miles).]
25 (return)
[ The meaning of {eremos}
here is not waste and barren land, but land without settled inhabitants.]
26 (return)
[ i.e. "Man-eaters".]
27 (return)
[ This is the reading of
the MSS., but it is not consistent with the distance given in ch. 101, nor
with the actual facts: some Editors therefore read "four" instead of
"fourteen".]
28 (return)
[ i.e. "Cliffs".]
29 (return)
[ i.e. "Black-cloaks".]
30 (return)
[ {'Argippaioi}: it is not
certain that this is the form which ought to be read here: Latin writers
make the name "Arimphaei," and in some MSS. it is given here as
{'Orgempaioi}.]
31 (return)
[ {agalmati}.]
32 (return)
[ {ta genesia}.]
33 (return)
[ Or, "violent".]
34 (return)
[ Od. iv. 85.]
35 (return)
[ {e phuonta phuein
mogis}.]
36 (return)
[ {prosthekas},
"additions".]
37 (return)
[ i.e. of Apollo and
Artemis.]
3701 (return)
[ Omitting {legon}.]
38 (return)
[ The word "Asia" is not
contained in the MSS. and need not be inserted in the text, but it is
implied, if not expressed; see chap. 41.]
39 (return)
[ {aktai}.]
40 (return)
[ {ou legousa ei me
nomo}.]
41 (return)
[ i.e. 100,000 fathoms,
equivalent to 1000 stades; see ii. 6, note 10.]
42 (return)
[ {oude sumballein axie}.]
43 (return)
[ ii. 158.]
4301 (return)
[ {brota}: some MSS.
have {probata} "cattle".]
44 (return)
[ {omoia parekhomene}: the
construction is confused, but the meaning is that all but the Eastern
parts are known to be surrounded by sea.]
45 (return)
[ {logion}: some MSS. have
{logimon}, "of reputation".]
46 (return)
[ Stein reads {eisi de}
for {eisi de}, and punctuates so that the meaning is, "it has become the
greatest of all rivers in the following manner:—besides other rivers
which flow into it, those which especially make it great are as follows".]
47 (return)
[ {pente men oi}: this
perhaps requires emendation, but the corrections proposed are hardly
satisfactory, e.g. {pente megaloi} or {pente monoi}.]
48 (return)
[ Or "Skios": called by
Thucydides "Oskios" (ii. 96).]
49 (return)
[ {eti}: most of the MSS.
give {esti}, which is adopted by some Editors.]
50 (return)
[ "Sacred Ways".]
51 (return)
[ {Gerreon}: in some MSS.
{Gerrou}, "the region called Gerros".]
52 (return)
[ {tesserakonta}: some
Editors have altered this number, but without authority or sufficient
reason.]
53 (return)
[ {di eremou}: see note 25
on ch. 18. The region here spoken of is that between the Gerrians and the
agricultural Scythians.]
5301 (return)
[ {es touto elos}:
i.e. the Dneiper-Liman. (The Medicean and Florentine MSS. read {es to
elos}, not {es to telos}, as hitherto reported.)]
54 (return)
[ {eon embolon tes
khores}.]
55 (return)
[ {Metros}: i.e. the
Mother of the gods, Kybele, cp. ch. 76; some less good authorities have
{Demetros}.]
56 (return)
[ {reei de}: most MSS.
have {reei men gar}.]
57 (return)
[ Or, "Apia".]
58 (return)
[ Or, "Goitosyros".]
59 (return)
[ The MSS. have also
"Arippasa" and "Artimpasa".]
60 (return)
[ The authorities have
also "Thagimasa" and "Thamimasidas".]
61 (return)
[ {ton arkheion}: some
read by conjecture {en to arkheio}, "at the seat of government," or "in
the public place".]
62 (return)
[ {eson t' epi stadious
treis}.]
63 (return)
[ {upo ton kheimonon}.]
64 (return)
[ {akinakes}.]
65 (return)
[ {agalma}: see note 19 on
ch. 15.]
66 (return)
[ {kata per baitas}.]
67 (return)
[ Or, "and put them
together in one bundle".]
68 (return)
[ See i. 105.]
69 (return)
[ {kuperou}: it is not
clear what plant is meant.]
70 (return)
[ i.e. for this purpose.
The general use of bronze is attested by ch. 81.]
71 (return)
[ {ode anabibazontes,
epean k.t.l}: the reference of {ode} is directly to the clause {epean——trakhelou},
though in sense it refers equally to the following, {katothen de k.t.l}.
Some Editors punctuate thus, {ode anabibazontes epean} and omit {de} after
{katothen}, making the reference of {ode} to the latter clause alone.]
72 (return)
[ {oruontai}, as in iii.
117, but here they howl for pleasure.]
73 (return)
[ Like the Egyptians for
example, cp. ii. 91.]
74 (return)
[ {mete ge on allelon}:
the MSS. have {me ti ge on allelon}. Most Editors read {allon} for
{allelon} and alter the other words in various ways ({me toi ge on, me
toigaron} etc.), taking {me} as in {me oti} (ne dicam aliorum). The
reading which I have adopted is based on that of Stein, who reads {mete
teon allon} and quotes vii. 142, {oute ge alloisi 'Ellenon oudamoisi, umin
de de kai dia panton ekista}. With {allon} the meaning is, "rejecting
those of other nations and especially those of the Hellenes". For the use
of {me} after {pheugein} cp. ii. 91.]
75 (return)
[ Or, according to some
MSS., "as they proved in the case of Anacharsis and afterwards of
Skyles".]
76 (return)
[ {gen pollen}.]
77 (return)
[ {epitropou}.]
78 (return)
[ {peplastai}: some
authorities give {pepaistai}, "has been invented as a jest".]
79 (return)
[ {es kheiras agesthai}.]
7901 (return)
[ {o theos}.]
80 (return)
[ {diepresteuse}: this or
{epresteuse} is the reading of most of the MSS. The meaning is uncertain,
since the word does not occur elsewhere. Stein suggests that it may mean
"scoffed (at the Scythians)". Various conjectures have been tried, e.g.
{diedresteuse}, {diedrepeteuse}, etc.]
81 (return)
[ {os Skuthas einai}: cp.
ii. 8. Some (e.g. Dindorf and Bähr) translate "considering that they are
Scythians," i.e. for a nation so famous and so widely extended.]
82 (return)
[ i.e. about 5300
gallons.]
83 (return)
[ {epi to iro}: the MSS.
mostly have {epi iro}, and Stein adopts the conjecture {epi rio}, "on a
projecting point". The temple would be that of {Zeus ourios} mentioned in
ch. 87. (In the Medicean MS. the omitted {i} is inserted above the line beforethe
{r}, not directly over it, as represented by Stein, and the accent is not
omitted.)]
84 (return)
[ {stadioi}, and so
throughout.]
85 (return)
[ i.e. 1,110,000.]
86 (return)
[ i.e. 330,000.]
8601 (return)
[ {stelas}, i.e.
"square blocks"; so also in ch. 91.]
87 (return)
[ i.e. 700,000.]
8701 (return)
[ {os emoi dokeei
sumballomeno}, "putting the evidence together".]
88 (return)
[ {pasi deka}: probably a
loose expression like {ta panta muria}, iii. 74.]
89 (return)
[ {psoren}, "mange".]
90 (return)
[ Or (less probably)
"Skyrmiadai".]
91 (return)
[ {Salmoxin}: some
inferior MSS. have {Zalmoxin}, or {Zamolxin}, and the spelling in other
writers varies between these forms.]
92 (return)
[ {daimona}, sometimes
used for deified men as distinguished from gods, cp. ch. 103.]
93 (return)
[ {dia penteteridos}.]
94 (return)
[ {bathutera}.]
95 (return)
[ {ou to asthenestato
sophiste}. No depreciation seems to be intended here.]
96 (return)
[ {andreona}.]
97 (return)
[ i.e. the Mediterranean:
or the passage may mean simply, "Thrace runs out further into the sea than
Scythia".]
98 (return)
[ {gounon}.]
99 (return)
[ More literally, "I say
this, so far as it is allowed to compare, etc. Such is the form of the
Tauric land".]
100 (return)
[ {ede}. The
Agathyrsians however have not been mentioned before in this connection.]
101 (return)
[ {stadia}.]
102 (return)
[ {tes Skuthikes ta
epikarsia}, i.e. the lines running from West to East.]
103 (return)
[ {epanakhthentes}: so
the Medicean MS. and another: the rest have {epanakhthentas}. Some Editors
read by conjecture {apeneikhthentas}, "cast away on their coast".]
104 (return)
[ {neoisi}.]
105 (return)
[ {trieteridas}.]
106 (return)
[ Or, "were driven
out".]
107 (return)
[ {phtheirotrageousi}.]
108 (return)
[ Or, "Aiorpata,"
and "aior" below.]
109 (return)
[ i.e. the Royal
Scythians: see ch. 20.]
110 (return)
[ {epi touto}, the
reading of the Aldine edition. The MSS. have {epi touto}. Stein suggests
{dia touto}.]
111 (return)
[ {ou peisometha}: some
MSS. read {ouk oisometha}. Editors have emended by conjecture in various
ways, e.g. {ou periopsometha}, "we shall not allow it"; {oi epoisometha}
or {oi epeisometha}, "we shall go out to attack him"; {aposometha}, "we
shall repel him".]
112 (return)
[ {paras}, or {pasai},
belonging to {gunaikes}.]
113 (return)
[ {khersou}, "dry".]
114 (return)
[ Perhaps the same as
the "Hyrgis" mentioned in ch. 57. Some Editors read "Hyrgis" in this
passage.]
115 (return)
[ See ch. 119.]
116 (return)
[ {klaiein lego}.]
117 (return)
[ {touto esti e apo
Skutheon resis}: this refers to the last words, {klaiein lego}. Most
Editors have doubts about the genuineness of the sentence, regarding it a
marginal gloss which has crept into the text; but perhaps without
sufficient reason.]
118 (return)
[ Or, "with some slight
effect on the course of the war".]
119 (return)
[ See i. 216.]
120 (return)
[ {eremothentes tou
omilou}.]
121 (return)
[ {iesan tes phones}.]
122 (return)
[ {e mia kai
Sauromatai}: some Editors read {e meta Sauromateon}. The MSS. give {e mia
Sauromatai} (some {Sauromateon}). Stein inserts {kai}.]
123 (return)
[ {khairontes
eleutheroi}.]
124 (return)
[ The list includes only
those who voted in favour of the proposal of Histiaios (i.e. Miltiades is
not included in it): hence perhaps Stein is right in suggesting some
change in the text, e.g. {oi diapherontes te ten psephon basileos kai
eontes logou pleistou}. The absence of the name of Coës is remarked by
several commentators, who forget that he had accompanied Dareios: see ch.
97.]
125 (return)
[ Or, "and even so they
found the passage of the river with difficulty".]
126 (return)
[ {en Persesi}.]
127 (return)
[ i.e. 80,000.]
128 (return)
[ {gar}: some MSS. read
{de}; so Stein and other Editors.]
129 (return)
[ i.e. Castor and
Polydeukes the sons of Tyndareus, who were among the Argonauts.]
130 (return)
[ {Phera} (genitive).]
131 (return)
[ From {ois} "sheep" and
{lukos} "wolf" ({oin en lukoisi}).]
132 (return)
[ {phule}, the word
being here apparently used loosely.]
133 (return)
[ {'Erinuon}.]
134 (return)
[ {meta touto upemeine
touto touto}: some Editors mark a lacuna after {upemeine}, or supply some
words like {sunebe de}: "after this the children survived, and the same
thing happened also in Thera, etc".]
135 (return)
[ Or, "Grinos".]
136 (return)
[ {Euphemides}: the MSS.
have {Euthumides}: the correction is from Pindar, Pyth. iv. 455.]
137 (return)
[ {onax}, the usual form
of address to Apollo; so in ch. 155.]
138 (return)
[ Or, "Axos".]
139 (return)
[ i.e. Aristoteles,
Pind. Pyth. v. 87.]
140 (return)
[ {metaxu apolipon}.]
141 (return)
[ Or, "it happened both
to himself and to the other men of Thera according to their former evil
fortune"; but this would presuppose the truth of the story told in ch.
151, and {paligkotos} may mean simply "adverse" or "hostile".]
142 (return)
[ {eontes tosoutoi osoi
k.t.l.} They could hardly have failed to increase in number, but no new
settlers had been added.]
143 (return)
[ {usteron elthe gas
anadaiomenes}, "too late for the division of land".]
144 (return)
[ Or, "Thestis".]
145 (return)
[ The MSS. give also
"Aliarchos" and "Learchos".]
146 (return)
[ {mathon ekasta}.]
147 (return)
[ {ton terioikon}: i.e.
conquered Libyans.]
148 (return)
[ {nesioteon panton}:
i.e. the natives of the Cyclades, cp. vi. 99.]
149 (return)
[ {amphirruton ten
Kurenen einai}: some Editors read by conjecture {ten amphirruton Kurenen
einai} (or {Kurenen ten amph, einai}), "that Kyrene was the place flowed
round by water".]
150 (return)
[ {pselion}.]
151 (return)
[ Or, "Giligammai".]
152 (return)
[ i.e. the plant so
called, figured on the coins of Kyrene and Barca.]
153 (return)
[ Or, "Asbytai".]
154 (return)
[ i.e. further from the
coast, so {katuperthe}, ch. 174 etc., cp. ch. 16.]
155 (return)
[ Or "Cabales".]
156 (return)
[ See i. 216.]
157 (return)
[ Distinct from the
people of the same name mentioned in ch. 183: those here mentioned are
called "Gamphasantes" by Pliny.]
158 (return)
[ {glukuteta},
"sweetness".]
159 (return)
[ {allen te ekatomben
kai de kai}.]
160 (return)
[ {epithespisanta to
tripodi}, which can hardly mean "prophesied sitting upon the tripod".]
161 (return)
[ Lit. "the men come
together regularly to one place within three months," which seems to mean
that meetings are held every three months, before one of which the child
is brought.]
162 (return)
[ See ii. 42.]
163 (return)
[ i.e. in the middle of
the morning.]
164 (return)
[ {tripsin}: the "feel"
to the touch: hence it might mean either hardness or softness according to
the context.]
165 (return)
[ {troglodutas}:
"Troglodytes".]
166 (return)
[ {uperballonti}: "when
his heat is greatest".]
167 (return)
[ {ede}.]
168 (return)
[ Or "red".]
169 (return)
[ {domon}: Reiske reads
{omon} by conjecture, "over his shoulder".]
170 (return)
[ Or (according to some
MSS.), "practise this much and do it well".]
171 (return)
[ {akatapseusta}.
Several Editors have adopted the conjecture {katapseusta}, "other fabulous
beasts".]
172 (return)
[ {orues}: perhaps for
{oruges} from {orux}, a kind of antelope.]
173 (return)
[ {diktues}: the meaning
is uncertain.]
174 (return)
[ {ekhinees},
"urchins".]
175 (return)
[ Or "Zabykes".]
176 (return)
[ Or "Zygantes".]
177 (return)
[ {eie d' an pan}: cp.
v. 9. Some translate, "and this might well be so".]
178 (return)
[ {oud' areten einai tis
e Libue spoudaie}.]
179 (return)
[ i.e. corn; cp. i.
193.]
180 (return)
[ {bounous}.]
181 (return)
[ See ch. 167.]
182 (return)
[ {meden allo neokhmoun
kata Barkaious}: cp. v. 19.]
183 (return)
[ {paralabontes}.]
184 (return)
[ {epiphthonoi}.]