FileHandle
FileHandle
NAMESYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
NAME
FileHandle − supply object methods for filehandles
SYNOPSIS
use FileHandle;
$fh = FileHandle−>new;
if ($fh−>open("< file")) {
print <$fh>;
$fh−>close;
}
$fh = FileHandle−>new("> FOO");
if (defined $fh) {
print $fh "bar\n";
$fh−>close;
}
$fh = FileHandle−>new("file", "r");
if (defined $fh) {
print <$fh>;
undef $fh; # automatically closes the file
}
$fh = FileHandle−>new("file", O_WRONLY|O_APPEND);
if (defined $fh) {
print $fh "corge\n";
undef $fh; # automatically closes the file
}
$pos = $fh−>getpos;
$fh−>setpos($pos);
$fh−>setvbuf($buffer_var, _IOLBF, 1024);
($readfh, $writefh) = FileHandle::pipe;
autoflush STDOUT 1;
DESCRIPTION
NOTE: This class is now a front-end to the IO::* classes.
"FileHandle::new" creates a "FileHandle", which is a reference to a newly created symbol (see the "Symbol" package). If it receives any parameters, they are passed to "FileHandle::open"; if the open fails, the "FileHandle" object is destroyed. Otherwise, it is returned to the caller.
"FileHandle::new_from_fd" creates a "FileHandle" like "new" does. It requires two parameters, which are passed to "FileHandle::fdopen"; if the fdopen fails, the "FileHandle" object is destroyed. Otherwise, it is returned to the caller.
"FileHandle::open" accepts one parameter or two. With one parameter, it is just a front end for the built-in "open" function. With two parameters, the first parameter is a filename that may include whitespace or other special characters, and the second parameter is the open mode, optionally followed by a file permission value.
If "FileHandle::open" receives a Perl mode string (">", "+<", etc.) or a POSIX fopen() mode string ("w", "r+", etc.), it uses the basic Perl "open" operator.
If "FileHandle::open" is given a numeric mode, it passes that mode and the optional permissions value to the Perl "sysopen" operator. For convenience, "FileHandle::import" tries to import the O_XXX constants from the Fcntl module. If dynamic loading is not available, this may fail, but the rest of FileHandle will still work.
"FileHandle::fdopen" is like "open" except that its first parameter is not a filename but rather a file handle name, a FileHandle object, or a file descriptor number.
If the C functions fgetpos() and fsetpos() are available, then "FileHandle::getpos" returns an opaque value that represents the current position of the FileHandle, and "FileHandle::setpos" uses that value to return to a previously visited position.
If the C function setvbuf() is available, then "FileHandle::setvbuf" sets the buffering policy for the FileHandle. The calling sequence for the Perl function is the same as its C counterpart, including the macros "_IOFBF", "_IOLBF", and "_IONBF", except that the buffer parameter specifies a scalar variable to use as a buffer. WARNING: A variable used as a buffer by "FileHandle::setvbuf" must not be modified in any way until the FileHandle is closed or until "FileHandle::setvbuf" is called again, or memory corruption may result!
See perlfunc for complete descriptions of each of the following supported "FileHandle" methods, which are just front ends for the corresponding built-in functions:
close
fileno
getc
gets
eof
clearerr
seek
tell
See perlvar for complete descriptions of each of the following supported "FileHandle" methods:
autoflush
output_field_separator
output_record_separator
input_record_separator
input_line_number
format_page_number
format_lines_per_page
format_lines_left
format_name
format_top_name
format_line_break_characters
format_formfeed
Furthermore,
for doing normal I/O you might need these:
$fh−>print
See "print" in perlfunc.
$fh−>printf
See "printf" in perlfunc.
$fh−>getline
This works like <$fh> described in "I/O Operators" in perlop except that it’s more readable and can be safely called in a list context but still returns just one line.
$fh−>getlines
This works like <$fh> when called in a list context to read all the remaining lines in a file, except that it’s more readable. It will also croak() if accidentally called in a scalar context.
There are many other functions available since FileHandle is descended from IO::File, IO::Seekable, and IO::Handle. Please see those respective pages for documentation on more functions.
SEE ALSO
The IO extension, perlfunc, "I/O Operators" in perlop.
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