daylight(3)


NAME

   tzset,   tzname,   timezone,  daylight  -  initialize  time  conversion
   information

SYNOPSIS

   #include <time.h>

   void tzset (void);

   extern char *tzname[2];
   extern long timezone;
   extern int daylight;

   Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):

   tzset(): _POSIX_C_SOURCE
   tzname: _POSIX_C_SOURCE
   timezone, daylight: _XOPEN_SOURCE
       || /* Glibc since 2.19: */ _DEFAULT_SOURCE
       || /* Glibc versions <= 2.19: */ _SVID_SOURCE

DESCRIPTION

   The tzset() function  initializes  the  tzname  variable  from  the  TZ
   environment  variable.   This  function  is automatically called by the
   other time conversion functions that depend  on  the  timezone.   In  a
   System-V-like  environment,  it  will  also  set the variables timezone
   (seconds West of UTC) and daylight (to 0 if this timezone does not have
   any daylight saving time rules, or to nonzero if there is a time, past,
   present or future when daylight saving time applies).

   If the TZ variable does not  appear  in  the  environment,  the  system
   timezone  is  used.   The  system timezone is configured by copying, or
   linking, a file in the tzfile(5) format to /etc/localtime.  A  timezone
   database of these files may be located in the system timezone directory
   (see the FILES section below).

   If the TZ variable does appear in the environment,  but  its  value  is
   empty,  or  its  value  cannot  be interpreted using any of the formats
   specified below, then Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is used.

   The value of TZ can be one of two  formats.   The  first  format  is  a
   string of characters that directly represent the timezone to be used:

          std offset[dst[offset][,start[/time],end[/time]]]

   There  are no spaces in the specification.  The std string specifies an
   abbreviation for the timezone and must  be  three  or  more  alphabetic
   characters.   When  enclosed between the less-than (<) and greater-than
   (>) signs, the characters set is expanded to include the plus (+) sign,
   the  minus (-) sign, and digits.  The offset string immediately follows
   std and specifies the time value to be added to the local time  to  get
   Coordinated  Universal Time (UTC).  The offset is positive if the local
   timezone is west of the Prime Meridian and negative if it is east.  The
   hour must be between 0 and 24, and the minutes and seconds 00 and 59:

          [+|-]hh[:mm[:ss]]

   The  dst  string  and  offset  specify  the  name  and  offset  for the
   corresponding daylight saving timezone.  If the offset is  omitted,  it
   defaults to one hour ahead of standard time.

   The  start  field  specifies when daylight saving time goes into effect
   and the end field specifies when the change is made  back  to  standard
   time.  These fields may have the following formats:

   Jn     This  specifies  the  Julian day with n between 1 and 365.  Leap
          days are not counted.  In this  format,  February  29  can't  be
          represented;  February  28  is day 59, and March 1 is always day
          60.

   n      This specifies the zero-based Julian day with n  between  0  and
          365.  February 29 is counted in leap years.

   Mm.w.d This  specifies  day  d (0 <= d <= 6) of week w (1 <= w <= 5) of
          month m (1 <= m <= 12).  Week 1 is the first week in which day d
          occurs and week 5 is the last week in which day d occurs.  Day 0
          is a Sunday.

   The time fields specify when, in the local time  currently  in  effect,
   the  change  to  the  other  time  occurs.   If omitted, the default is
   02:00:00.

   Here is an example for New Zealand, where the standard time  (NZST)  is
   12  hours ahead of UTC, and daylight saving time (NZDT), 13 hours ahead
   of UTC, runs from the first Sunday in October to the  third  Sunday  in
   March, and the changeovers happen at the default time of 02:00:00:

       TZ="NZST-12:00:00NZDT-13:00:00,M10.1.0,M3.3.0"

   The  second  format  specifies  that the timezone information should be
   read from a file:

          :[filespec]

   If the file specification filespec is omitted, or its value  cannot  be
   interpreted,  then  Coordinated  Universal  Time  (UTC)  is  used.   If
   filespec is given, it specifies another tzfile(5)-format file  to  read
   the  timezone information from.  If filespec does not begin with a '/',
   the file specification is relative to the  system  timezone  directory.
   If the colon is omitted each of the above TZ formats will be tried.

   Here's an example, once more for New Zealand:

       TZ=":Pacific/Auckland"

ENVIRONMENT

   TZ     If  this  variable  is  set  its value takes precedence over the
          system configured timezone.

   TZDIR  If this variable is set its  value  takes  precedence  over  the
          system configured timezone database directory path.

FILES

   /etc/localtime
          The system timezone file.

   /usr/share/zoneinfo/
          The system timezone database directory.

   /usr/share/zoneinfo/posixrules
          When  a  TZ  string  includes  a  dst  timezone without anything
          following it, then this file is used for  the  start/end  rules.
          It  is  in  the  tzfile(5)  format.   By  default,  the zoneinfo
          Makefile hard links it to the America/New_York tzfile.

   Above  are  the  current  standard  file  locations,   but   they   are
   configurable when glibc is compiled.

ATTRIBUTES

   For   an   explanation   of   the  terms  used  in  this  section,  see
   attributes(7).

   
   Interface  Attribute      Value              
   
   tzset()    Thread safety  MT-Safe env locale 
   

CONFORMING TO

   POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008, SVr4, 4.3BSD.

NOTES

   4.3BSD had a function char *timezone(zone, dst) that returned the  name
   of  the  timezone  corresponding to its first argument (minutes West of
   UTC).  If the second argument  was  0,  the  standard  name  was  used,
   otherwise the daylight saving time version.

SEE ALSO

   date(1), gettimeofday(2), time(2), ctime(3), getenv(3), tzfile(5)

COLOPHON

   This  page  is  part of release 4.09 of the Linux man-pages project.  A
   description of the project, information about reporting bugs,  and  the
   latest     version     of     this    page,    can    be    found    at
   https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.

                              2016-03-15                          TZSET(3)





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