Linux Manual Pages

Free Software * Books

Source Code

Free Media

Linux

GPM-ROOT

NAME
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
AUTHOR
FILES
SEE ALSO

NAME

gpm-root − a default handler for gpm, used to draw menus on the root window

SYNOPSIS

gpm-root [ options ]

DESCRIPTION

The program gpm-root is designed to handle Control-Mouse events to draw menus on the background of the current tty. The actual menus are described by a configuration file in the user’s home directory.

Please note that gpm-root needs to run with Linux 1.1.73 or newer, because previous kernels lack some screen handling capabilities required by the program.

The program uses the files /dev/vcs* to draw to the console screen. These are available only from kernel 1.1.81 onward. If you miss those device nodes, you should create them using create_vcs in the distribution directory. The tool won’t run with kernels older than 1.1.81, because they lacked a full screen dump/restore capability.

Available command line options are the following:
-m number

Choose the modifier to use (by default: control). The modifier can be provided either as a number or as a symbolic string. Allowed strings are shift, anyAlt, leftAlt, rightAlt, control.

	-u		Deny using user-specific configuration files. With this option on, only /etc/gpm/root.conf will be used as a source of configuration information. This option is intended for those system administrators who fear security could be broken by this daemon. Things should be sufficiently secure, but if you find a hole please tell me about it.
	-D		Do not automatically enter background operation when started, and log messages to the standard error stream, not the syslog mechanism. This is useful for debugging; in previous releases it was done with a compile-time option.

-V verbosity increment

Raise the maximum level of messages that will be logged. Thus a positive argument has the effect of making the program more verbose. One can also give a negative argument to hush the program; however, note that due to getopt(1) rules a negative argument must follow the option with no space betwixt (that is, -V-1 but not -V -1). Program Arguments,,,libc. The argument is optional and its default value is 1.

Each time a menu is drawn, the configuration file is reparsed if it has changed. This allows modification of personal setup without reinvoking the daemon.

The actual configuration file is better introduced by looking at your /etc/gpm/root.conf.

The syntax for the file won’t be described here, being it quite apparent from the example above. Blanks and newlines are unused in parsing the file, and the layout of the file is free. Comments are allowed in the file: any hash mark (#) found at the beginning of the line or after white space makes the parser discard anything up to the next line. To insert quotes (") in strings precede them with a backslash.

Note that recursive menus are allowed, to any level of recursion.

Keywords belong to three groups: the button keyword, the cfg keywords and the action keywords. They are all described in the table below:
button number menu

The button keyword is used to introduce a menu. It is followed by the number of the relevant button (1=left, 2=middle, 3=right), an open brace, a menu and a closed brace. A menu is made up of cfg statements, followed by action statements. Cfg statements can come in any order, while the order of action statements tells the actual order in which actions will appear on the screen, top to bottom.

The following statements belong to the cfg set.
name string

If the name keyword is present, the specified string will be used as the name for the current menu.

background color

This statements is used to specify the background color to be used in the current menu. The color can be specified with one of the eight canonical strings black, red, cyan etc. The background defaults to black.

foreground color

This statements is used to specify the foreground color for menu items. Its value defaults to white. An optional bright keyword can appear before the actual color.

border color

border is used to specify the border color for the menu. Its value defaults to white. An optional bright keyword can appear before the actual color.

head color

head is used to specify the foreground color for the title of the menu. Its value defaults to white. An optional bright keyword can appear before the actual color.

The following statements belong to the action set.
string f.fgcmd cmdstring

When the mouse button is released above the corresponding menu item, the cmdstring is pasted in the keyboard queue of the current console. This is not yet implemented.

string f.bgcmd cmdstring

When the mouse button is released above the corresponding menu item, a shell (/bin/sh) is forked to execute the specified command, with stdin connected to /dev/null, and stdout, stderr connected to the active console.

string f.jptty ttynumber

When the mouse button is released above the corresponding menu item, the console is switched to the one specified. The ttynumber must be specified as a string. Any tty can be reached this way, even those which are not accessible via the keyboard.

string f.mktty ttynumber

When the mouse button is released above the corresponding menu item, an unused console is selected, and /sbin/mingetty is executed in it. The current console is switched to the newly opened console. I use this command to save kernel memory by opening a single console through /etc/inittab and requesting the others only when i need to login.

string Whole-menu

A menu can directly follow the label string. When the mouse pointer leaves the menu frame at the level of string, a second menu is posted on screen.

string f.lock

When the mouse button is released above the corresponding menu item, the keyboard and the screen are locked, and only the locking user or the superuser can unlock them. This is not yet implemented.

string f.load

The current loadavg when the menu is posted is concatenated to string to build the actual message displayed on screen. Nothing happens at button release.

string f.free

The free memory and swap when the menu is posted is concatenated to string to build the actual message displayed on screen. Nothing happens at button release.

string f.time

The current time is formatted with strftime(3), according to string. The resulting string is the actual message displayed on screen. Nothing happens at button release.

string f.pipe cmdline

When the mouse pointer leaves the menu frame at the level of string, a message box is posted on screen showing the last ten lines of the output of cmdline. cmdline is executed by /bin/sh. This is not yet implemented.

string f.nop

This does nothing, it only displays string on the menu.

The HOME, LOGNAME and USER environment variables are setup to the values for the invoking user before spawning an external process (f.bgcmd, f.pipe). The current directory is always /.

BUGS

Known bugs have been fixed. In particular, if you invoke gpm-root right after gpm, it will delay a few seconds before trying to connect to the daemon.

AUTHOR

Alessandro Rubini <rubini@linux.it>

FILES

/dev/gpmctl The socket used to connect to gpm.
/etc/gpm/root.conf The default configuration file.
$(HOME)/.gpm-root The user configuration file.
/dev/vcs* Virtual Console Screens

Opportunity

Personal Opportunity - Free software gives you access to billions of dollars of software at no cost. Use this software for your business, personal use or to develop a profitable skill. Access to source code provides access to a level of capabilities/information that companies protect though copyrights. Open source is a core component of the Internet and it is available to you. Leverage the billions of dollars in resources and capabilities to build a career, establish a business or change the world. The potential is endless for those who understand the opportunity.

Business Opportunity - Goldman Sachs, IBM and countless large corporations are leveraging open source to reduce costs, develop products and increase their bottom lines. Learn what these companies know about open source and how open source can give you the advantage.

Free Software

Free Software provides computer programs and capabilities at no cost but more importantly, it provides the freedom to run, edit, contribute to, and share the software. The importance of free software is a matter of access, not price. Software at no cost is a benefit but ownership rights to the software and source code is far more significant.

Free Office Software - The Libre Office suite provides top desktop productivity tools for free. This includes, a word processor, spreadsheet, presentation engine, drawing and flowcharting, database and math applications. Libre Office is available for Linux or Windows.

Free Books

The Free Books Library is a collection of thousands of the most popular public domain books in an online readable format. The collection includes great classical literature and more recent works where the U.S. copyright has expired. These books are yours to read and use without restrictions.

Source Code - Want to change a program or know how it works? Open Source provides the source code for its programs so that anyone can use, modify or learn how to write those programs themselves. Visit the GNU source code repositories to download the source.

Education

Study at Harvard, Stanford or MIT - Open edX provides free online courses from Harvard, MIT, Columbia, UC Berkeley and other top Universities. Hundreds of courses for almost all major subjects and course levels. Open edx also offers some paid courses and selected certifications.

Linux Manual Pages - A man or manual page is a form of software documentation found on Linux/Unix operating systems. Topics covered include computer programs (including library and system calls), formal standards and conventions, and even abstract concepts.