jot - print sequential or random data
jot [ options ] [ reps [ begin [ end [ s ] ] ] ]
Jot is used to print out increasing, decreasing, random, or redundant data, usually numbers, one per line. The options are understood as follows. -r Generate random data instead of sequential data, the default. -b word Just print word repetitively. -w word Print word with the generated data appended to it. Octal, hexadecimal, exponential, ASCII, zero padded, and right-adjusted representations are possible by using the appropriate printf(3) conversion specification inside word, in which case the data are inserted rather than appended. -c This is an abbreviation for -w %c. -s string Print data separated by string. Normally, newlines separate data. -n Do not print the final newline normally appended to the output. -p precision Print only as many digits or characters of the data as indicated by the integer precision. In the absence of -p, the precision is the greater of the precisions of begin and end. The -p option is overridden by whatever appears in a printf(3) conversion following -w. The last four arguments indicate, respectively, the number of data, the lower bound, the upper bound, and the step size or, for random data, the seed. While at least one of them must appear, any of the other three may be omitted, and will be considered as such if given as -. Any three of these arguments determines the fourth. If four are specified and the given and computed values of reps conflict, the lower value is used. If fewer than three are specified, defaults are assigned left to right, except for s, which assumes its default unless both begin and end are given. Defaults for the four arguments are, respectively, 100, 1, 100, and 1, except that when random data are requested, s defaults to a seed depending upon the time of day. Reps is expected to be an unsigned integer, and if given as zero is taken to be infinite. Begin and end may be given as real numbers or as characters representing the corresponding value in ASCII. The last argument must be a real number. Random numbers are obtained through random(3). The name jot derives in part from iota, a function in APL.
The command jot 21 -1 1.00 prints 21 evenly spaced numbers increasing from -1 to 1. The ASCII character set is generated with jot -c 128 0 and the strings xaa through xaz with jot -w xa%c 26 a while 20 random 8-letter strings are produced with jot -r -c 160 a z | rs -g 0 8 Infinitely many yes's may be obtained through jot -b yes 0 and thirty ed(1) substitution commands applying to lines 2, 7, 12, etc. is the result of jot -w %ds/old/new/ 30 2 - 5 The stuttering sequence 9, 9, 8, 8, 7, etc. can be produced by suitable choice of precision and step size, as in jot 0 9 - -.5 and a file containing exactly 1024 bytes is created with jot -b x 512 > block Finally, to set tabs four spaces apart starting from column 10 and ending in column 132, use expand -`jot -s, - 10 132 4` and to print all lines 80 characters or longer, grep `jot -s "" -b . 80`
ed(1), expand(1), rs(1), yes(1), printf(3), random(3), expand(1)
Personal Opportunity - Free software gives you access to billions of dollars of software at no cost. Use this software for your business, personal use or to develop a profitable skill. Access to source code provides access to a level of capabilities/information that companies protect though copyrights. Open source is a core component of the Internet and it is available to you. Leverage the billions of dollars in resources and capabilities to build a career, establish a business or change the world. The potential is endless for those who understand the opportunity.
Business Opportunity - Goldman Sachs, IBM and countless large corporations are leveraging open source to reduce costs, develop products and increase their bottom lines. Learn what these companies know about open source and how open source can give you the advantage.
Free Software provides computer programs and capabilities at no cost but more importantly, it provides the freedom to run, edit, contribute to, and share the software. The importance of free software is a matter of access, not price. Software at no cost is a benefit but ownership rights to the software and source code is far more significant.
Free Office Software - The Libre Office suite provides top desktop productivity tools for free. This includes, a word processor, spreadsheet, presentation engine, drawing and flowcharting, database and math applications. Libre Office is available for Linux or Windows.
The Free Books Library is a collection of thousands of the most popular public domain books in an online readable format. The collection includes great classical literature and more recent works where the U.S. copyright has expired. These books are yours to read and use without restrictions.
Source Code - Want to change a program or know how it works? Open Source provides the source code for its programs so that anyone can use, modify or learn how to write those programs themselves. Visit the GNU source code repositories to download the source.
Study at Harvard, Stanford or MIT - Open edX provides free online courses from Harvard, MIT, Columbia, UC Berkeley and other top Universities. Hundreds of courses for almost all major subjects and course levels. Open edx also offers some paid courses and selected certifications.
Linux Manual Pages - A man or manual page is a form of software documentation found on Linux/Unix operating systems. Topics covered include computer programs (including library and system calls), formal standards and conventions, and even abstract concepts.