fnmatch(3)
NAME
fnmatch - match filename or pathname
SYNOPSIS
#include <fnmatch.h> int fnmatch(const char *pattern, const char *string, int flags);
DESCRIPTION
The fnmatch() function checks whether the string argument matches the
pattern argument, which is a shell wildcard pattern.
The flags argument modifies the behavior; it is the bitwise OR of zero
or more of the following flags:
FNM_NOESCAPE
If this flag is set, treat backslash as an ordinary character,
instead of an escape character.
FNM_PATHNAME
If this flag is set, match a slash in string only with a slash
in pattern and not by an asterisk (*) or a question mark (?)
metacharacter, nor by a bracket expression ([]) containing a
slash.
FNM_PERIOD
If this flag is set, a leading period in string has to be
matched exactly by a period in pattern. A period is considered
to be leading if it is the first character in string, or if both
FNM_PATHNAME is set and the period immediately follows a slash.
FNM_FILE_NAME
This is a GNU synonym for FNM_PATHNAME.
FNM_LEADING_DIR
If this flag (a GNU extension) is set, the pattern is considered
to be matched if it matches an initial segment of string which
is followed by a slash. This flag is mainly for the internal
use of glibc and is implemented only in certain cases.
FNM_CASEFOLD
If this flag (a GNU extension) is set, the pattern is matched
case-insensitively.
FNM_EXTMATCH
If this flag (a GNU extension) is set, extended patterns are
supported, as introduced by 'ksh' and now supported by other
shells. The extended format is as follows, with pattern-list
being a '|' separated list of patterns.
'?(pattern-list)'
The pattern matches if zero or one occurrences of any of the
patterns in the pattern-list match the input string.
'*(pattern-list)'
The pattern matches if zero or more occurrences of any of the
patterns in the pattern-list match the input string.
'+(pattern-list)'
The pattern matches if one or more occurrences of any of the
patterns in the pattern-list match the input string.
'@(pattern-list)'
The pattern matches if exactly one occurrence of any of the
patterns in the pattern-list match the input string.
'!(pattern-list)'
The pattern matches if the input string cannot be matched with
any of the patterns in the pattern-list.
RETURN VALUE
Zero if string matches pattern, FNM_NOMATCH if there is no match or another nonzero value if there is an error.
ATTRIBUTES
For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see attributes(7). Interface Attribute Value fnmatch() Thread safety MT-Safe env locale
CONFORMING TO
POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008, POSIX.2. The FNM_FILE_NAME, FNM_LEADING_DIR, and FNM_CASEFOLD flags are GNU extensions.
SEE ALSO
sh(1), glob(3), scandir(3), wordexp(3), glob(7)
COLOPHON
This page is part of release 4.09 of the Linux man-pages project. A description of the project, information about reporting bugs, and the latest version of this page, can be found at https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.
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