Free Knowledge Resources


Linux Manual Pages


Free Software * Books

Source Code

Free Media

Linux

migrate-ebs-image(1p)


NAME

   migrate-ebs-image - Copy an EBS-backed Amazon Image from one region to
   another

SYNOPSYS

     % migrate-ebs-image --from us-east-1 --to ap-southeast-1 ami-123456

DESCRIPTION

   This script copies an EBS-backed Unix/Linux/windows AMI located in the
   EC2 region indicated by --from to the region indicated by --to. All
   associated volume snapshots, including LVM and RAID volumes, are
   migrated as well.

   If --from is omitted, then the source region is derived from the
   endpoint URL contained in the EC2_URL environment variable. The --to
   option is required.

   This script works with any EBS backed image, including Linux PVM, Linux
   HVM (cluster) and Windows images. It will not work with any instance-
   store backed image. To migrate such instances, please see one of the
   recipes listed online, for example:

    http://www.dowdandassociates.com/content/howto-move-ec2-instance-store-ami-one-region-another

COMMAND-LINE OPTIONS

   Options can be abbreviated.  For example, you can use -l for
   --list-regions and -b for --block-device-mapping:

         --from         Region in which the AMI is currently located (e.g. "us-east-1")
         --to           Region to which the AMI is to be copied (e.g. "us-west-1") REQUIRED
         --access_key   EC2 access key
         --secret_key   EC2 secret key
         --block_device_mapping
                        Add additional block devices to the image.
         --endpoint     EC2 URL (defaults to http://ec2.amazonaws.com/)
         --kernel       Force assignment of kernel in destination image.
         --ramdisk      Force assignment of ramdisk in destination image.
         --quiet        Quench status messages
         --list_regions List the EC2 regions

   The --block-device-mapping (-b) option is used to add ephemeral storage
   to the destination image. Amazon's API doesn't describe ephemeral
   volumes that are associated with images, and so this information is not
   copied from the source to the destination image, requiring you to add
   it back manually. The value of the argument is a block device mapping
   string in the same format as described for the command line program
   ec2-register:

    migrate-ebs-image -f us-east-1 -t ap-southeast-1 \
                         -b /dev/sdy=ephemeral0 \
                         ami-123456

   Ordinarily the script attempts to guess the correct matching kernel and
   ramdisk for the destination image based on approximate string matching.
   You can override these values by manually specifying the kernel and/or
   ramdisk ID in the destination region. Note that no checking is
   performed that the values you provide are correct.

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

   The following environment variables are used if the corresponding
   options are not present:

    EC2_ACCESS_KEY     your access key
    EC2_SECRET_KEY     your secret key
    EC2_URL            the desired region endpoint

INSTALLING THIS SCRIPT

   This script is part of the Perl VM::EC2 package. To install from the
   command line:

    % perl -MCPAN -e 'install VM::EC2'
    % migrate-ebs-image --from us-east-1 --to ap-southeast-1 ami-123456

IMPORTANT CAVEATS

   This script launches two "m1.small" instances, one each in the source
   and destination regions. It also creates transient volumes in both
   regions to hold the root volume and all other EBS snapshots associated
   with the image. Running it will incur charges for instance run time and
   data storage.

   In addition, this script will transfer data from one region to another
   across the internet, incurring internet data out fees on the source
   side, and internet data in fees on the destination side. Volumes that
   contain a filesystem, such as ext4 or ntfs, are copied from source to
   destination using rsync. Volumes that are part of a RAID or LVM volume
   are copied at the block level using gzip and dd via the secure shell.
   In general, rsync will be much faster and parsimonious of network
   bandwidth than block copying!

SEE ALSO

   VM::EC2, VM::EC2::Staging::Manager

AUTHOR

   Lincoln Stein, lincoln.stein@gmail.com

   Copyright (c) 2012 Ontario Institute for Cancer Research

   This package and its accompanying libraries is free software; you can
   redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GPL (either
   version 1, or at your option, any later version) or the Artistic
   License 2.0.  Refer to LICENSE for the full license text. In addition,
   please see DISCLAIMER.txt for disclaimers of warranty.



Opportunity


Personal Opportunity - Free software gives you access to billions of dollars of software at no cost. Use this software for your business, personal use or to develop a profitable skill. Access to source code provides access to a level of capabilities/information that companies protect though copyrights. Open source is a core component of the Internet and it is available to you. Leverage the billions of dollars in resources and capabilities to build a career, establish a business or change the world. The potential is endless for those who understand the opportunity.

Business Opportunity - Goldman Sachs, IBM and countless large corporations are leveraging open source to reduce costs, develop products and increase their bottom lines. Learn what these companies know about open source and how open source can give you the advantage.



Free Software


Free Software provides computer programs and capabilities at no cost but more importantly, it provides the freedom to run, edit, contribute to, and share the software. The importance of free software is a matter of access, not price. Software at no cost is a benefit but ownership rights to the software and source code is far more significant.

Free Office Software - The Libre Office suite provides top desktop productivity tools for free. This includes, a word processor, spreadsheet, presentation engine, drawing and flowcharting, database and math applications. Libre Office is available for Linux or Windows.



Free Books


The Free Books Library is a collection of thousands of the most popular public domain books in an online readable format. The collection includes great classical literature and more recent works where the U.S. copyright has expired. These books are yours to read and use without restrictions.

Source Code - Want to change a program or know how it works? Open Source provides the source code for its programs so that anyone can use, modify or learn how to write those programs themselves. Visit the GNU source code repositories to download the source.



Education


Study at Harvard, Stanford or MIT - Open edX provides free online courses from Harvard, MIT, Columbia, UC Berkeley and other top Universities. Hundreds of courses for almost all major subjects and course levels. Open edx also offers some paid courses and selected certifications.

Linux Manual Pages - A man or manual page is a form of software documentation found on Linux/Unix operating systems. Topics covered include computer programs (including library and system calls), formal standards and conventions, and even abstract concepts.


birds banner