pscoupe(1gmt)
NAME
pscoupe - Plot cross-sections of focal mechanisms
SYNOPSIS
pscoupe [ files ] -Jparameters
-Rregion -Aparameters [ -B[p|s]parameters ] [ -Ecolor ] [
-Fmode[args] ] [ -Gcolor ] [ -K ] [ -L[pen] ] [ -M ] [ -N ] [ -O
] [ -Q ] [ -S<symbol><scale>[/d] ] [ -Tn ] [ -U[stamp] ] [
-V[level] ] [ -Wpen ] [ -Xx_offset ] [ -Yy_offset ] [ -Zcpt ] [
-ccopies ] [ -dinodata ] [ -hheaders ] [ -iflags ] [ -ttransp ] [
-:[i|o] ]
Note: No space is allowed between the option flag and the associated
arguments.
DESCRIPTION
pscoupe reads data values from files [or standard input] and generates PostScript code that will plot symbols, lines or polygons on a cross-section. Focal mechanisms may be specified and require additional columns of data. The PostScript code is written to standard output. Unless -Q is used, new file is created with the new coordinates (x, y) and the mechanism (from lower focal half-sphere for horizontal plane, to half-sphere behind a vertical plane). When the plane is not horizontal, - north direction becomes upwards steepest descent direction of the plane (u) - east direction becomes strike direction of the plane (s) - down direction (= north^east) becomes u^s Axis angles are defined in the same way as in horizontal plane in the new system. Moment tensor (initially in r, t, f system that is up, south, east) is defined in (-u^s, -u, s) system.
REQUIRED ARGUMENTS
table One or more ASCII (or binary, see -bi[ncols][type]) data table
file(s) holding a number of data columns. If no tables are given
then we read from standard input.
-Jparameters (more ...)
Select map projection.
-R[unit]west/east/south/north[/zmin/zmax][r]
west, east, south, and north specify the region of interest, and
you may specify them in decimal degrees or in
[+-]dd:mm[:ss.xxx][W|E|S|N] format. Append r if lower left and
upper right map coordinates are given instead of w/e/s/n. The
two shorthands -Rg and -Rd stand for global domain (0/360 and
-180/+180 in longitude respectively, with -90/+90 in latitude).
Alternatively for grid creation, give Rcodelon/lat/nx/ny, where
code is a 2-character combination of L, C, R (for left, center,
or right) and T, M, B for top, middle, or bottom. e.g., BL for
lower left. This indicates which point on a rectangular region
the lon/lat coordinate refers to, and the grid dimensions nx and
ny with grid spacings via -I is used to create the corresponding
region. Alternatively, specify the name of an existing grid
file and the -R settings (and grid spacing, if applicable) are
copied from the grid. Using -Runit expects projected (Cartesian)
coordinates compatible with chosen -J and we inversely project
to determine actual rectangular geographic region. For
perspective view (-p), optionally append /zmin/zmax. In case of
perspective view (-p), a z-range (zmin, zmax) can be appended to
indicate the third dimension. This needs to be done only when
using the -Jz option, not when using only the -p option. In the
latter case a perspective view of the plane is plotted, with no
third dimension. If frame is defined from cross-section
parameters (see -A this option is not taken into account, but
must be present.
-A selects the cross-section.
-Aalon1/lat1/lon2/lat2/dip/p_width/dmin/dmax[f]
lon and lat are the longitude and latitude of points 1
and 2 limiting the length of the cross-section. dip is
the dip of the plane on which the cross-section is made.
p_width is the width of the cross-section on each side of
a vertical plane or above and under an oblique plane.
dmin and dmax are the distances min and max from
horizontal plane, along steepest descent direction. Add f
to get the frame from the cross-section parameters.
-Ablon1/lat1/strike/p_length/dip/p_width/dmin/dmax[f]
lon1 and lat1 are the longitude and latitude of the
beginning of the cross-section. strike is the azimuth of
the direction of the cross-section. p_length is the
length along which the cross-section is made. The other
parameters are the same as for -Aa option.
-Acx1/y1/x2/y2/dip/p_width/dmin/dmax[f]
The same as -Aa option with x and y cartesian
coordinates.
-Adx1/y1/strike/p_length/dip/p_width/dmin/dmax[f]
The same as -Ab option with x and y cartesian
coordinates.
-S selects the meaning of the columns in the data file and the
figure to be plotted.
-Sascale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]]
Focal mechanisms in Aki and Richards convention. scale
adjusts the scaling of the radius of the "beach ball",
which will be proportional to the magnitude. The scale is
the size for magnitude = 5 in PROJ_LENGTH_UNIT (unless c,
i, or p is appended to indicate that the size information
is in units of cm, inches, meters, or points,
respectively). Use the -T option to render the beach ball
transparent by drawing only the nodal planes and the
circumference. The color or shade of the compressive
quadrants can be specified with the -G option. The color
or shade of the extensive quadrants can be specified with
the -E option. Parameters are expected to be in the
following columns:
1,2: longitude, latitude of event (-: option
interchanges order)
3: depth of event in kilometers
4,5,6: strike, dip and rake
7: magnitude
8,9: not used; can be 0 0; allows use of the psmeca
file format
10: text string to appear above the beach ball
(default) or under (add u).
-Scscale
Focal mechanisms in Harvard CMT convention. scale adjusts
the scaling of the radius of the "beach ball", which will
be proportional to the magnitude. The scale is the size
for magnitude = 5 (that is M0 = 4E+23 dynes-cm.) in
PROJ_LENGTH_UNIT (unless c, i, or p is appended to
indicate that the size information is in units of cm,
inches, meters, or points, respectively). Use the -T
option to render the beach ball transparent by drawing
only the nodal planes and the circumference. The color or
shade of the compressive quadrants can be specified with
the -G option. The color or shade of the extensive
quadrants can be specified with the -E option. Parameters
are expected to be in the following columns:
1,2: longitude, latitude of event (-: option
interchanges order)
3: depth of event in kilometers
4,5,6: strike, dip, and slip of plane 1
7,8,9: strike, dip, and slip of plane 2
10,11: mantissa and exponent of moment in dyne-cm (if
magnitude is uses instead of scalar moment,
magnitude is in column 10 and 0 must be in
column 11)
12,13: not used; can be 0 0; allows use of the psmeca
file format
14: text string to appear above the beach ball
(default) or under (add u).
-Spscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]]
Focal mechanisms given with partial data on both planes.
scale adjusts the scaling of the radius of the "beach
ball", which will be proportional to the magnitude. The
scale is the size for magnitude = 5 in PROJ_LENGTH_UNIT
(unless c, i, or p is appended to indicate that the size
information is in units of cm, inches, meters, or points,
respectively). The color or shade of the compressive
quadrants can be specified with the -G option. The color
or shade of the extensive quadrants can be specified with
the -E option. Parameters are expected to be in the
following columns:
1,2: longitude, latitude of event (-: option
interchanges order)
3: depth
4,5: strike, dip of plane 1
6: strike of plane 2
7: must be -1/+1 for a normal/inverse fault
8: magnitude
9,10: not used; can be 0 0; allows use of the psmeca
file format
11: text string to appear above the beach ball
(default) or under (add u).
-Sm|d|zscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]]
Seismic moment tensor (Harvard CMT, with zero trace).
scale adjusts the scaling of the radius of the "beach
ball", which will be proportional to the magnitude. The
scale is the size for magnitude = 5 (that is seismic
scalar moment = 4E+23 dynes-cm) in PROJ_LENGTH_UNIT
(unless c, i, or p is appended to indicate that the size
information is in units of cm, inches, meters, or points,
respectively). (-T0 option overlays best double couple
transparently.)
-Sdscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]]
to plot the only double couple part of moment tensor.
-Szscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]]
to plot anisotropic part of moment tensor (zero trace).
The color or shade of the compressive quadrants can be
specified with the -G option. The color or shade of the
extensive quadrants can be specified with the -E option.
Parameters are expected to be in the following columns:
1,2: longitude, latitude of event (-: option
interchanges order)
3: depth of event in kilometers
4,5,6,7,8,9:
mrr, mtt, mff, mrt, mrf, mtf in 10*exponent
dynes-cm
10: exponent
11,12: Not used; can be 0 0; allows use of the psmeca
file format
13: Text string to appear above the beach ball
(default) or under (add u).
-Sxscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]]
Principal axis. scale adjusts the scaling of the radius
of the "beach ball", which will be proportional to the
magnitude. The scale is the size for magnitude = 5 (that
is seismic scalar moment = 4*10e+23 dynes-cm) in
PROJ_LENGTH_UNIT (unless c, i, or p is appended to
indicate that the size information is in units of cm,
inches, meters, or points, respectively). (-T0 option
overlays best double couple transparently.)
-Syscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]]
to plot the only double couple part of moment tensor.
-Stscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]]
to plot anisotropic part of moment tensor (zero trace).
The color or shade of the compressive quadrants can be
specified with the -G option. The color or shade of the
extensive quadrants can be specified with the -E option.
Parameters are expected to be in the following columns:
1,2: longitude, latitude of event (-: option
interchanges order)
3: depth of event in kilometers
4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12:
value (in 10*exponent dynes-cm), azimuth,
plunge of the T, N, and P axes.
13: exponent
14,15: longitude, latitude at which to place beach
ball. Entries in these columns are necessary
with the -C option. Using 0,0 in columns 9 and
10 will plot the beach ball at the longitude,
latitude given in columns 1 and 2. The -:
option will interchange the order of columns
(1,2) and (9,10).
16: Text string to appear above the beach ball
(optional).
OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS
-B[p|s]parameters (more ...)
Set map boundary intervals.
-Ecolor
Sets color or fill pattern for extensive quadrants [Default is
white].
-Fmode[args]
Sets one or more attributes; repeatable. The various
combinations are
-Fssymbol[size[/fontsize[/offset[u]]]
selects a symbol instead of mechanism. Choose from the
following: (c) circle, (d) diamond, (i) itriangle, (s) square,
(t) triangle, (x) cross. size is the symbol size in
PROJ_LENGTH_UNIT (unless c, i, or p is appended to indicate that
the size information is in units of cm, inches, meters, or
points, respectively). If size must be read, it must be in
column 4 and the text string will start in column 5. Parameters
are expected to be in the following columns:
1,2: longitude, latitude of event (-: option interchanges
order)
3: depth of event in kilometers
4: Text string to appear above the beach ball (default)
or under (add u).
-Fa[size][/P_symbol[/T_symbol]]
Computes and plots P and T axes with symbols. Optionally specify
size and (separate) P and T axis symbols from the following: (c)
circle, (d) diamond, (h) hexagon, (i) inverse triangle, (p)
point, (s) square, (t) triangle, (x) cross. [Default: 6p/cc]
-Fecolor
Sets the color or fill pattern for the T axis symbol. [Default
as set by -E]
-Fgcolor
Sets the color or fill pattern for the P axis symbol. [Default
as set by -G]
-Fp[pen]
Draws the P axis outline using current pen (see -W), or sets
pen attributes.
-Fr[color]
Draw a box behind the label (if any). [Default fill is white]
-Ft[pen]
Draws the T axis outline using current pen (see -W), or sets pen
attributes.
-Gcolor
Sets color or fill pattern for compressional quadrants [Default
is black].
-K (more ...)
Do not finalize the PostScript plot.
-L[pen]
Draws the "beach ball" outline using current pen (see -W) or
sets pen attributes.
-M Same size for any magnitude.
-N Does not skip symbols that fall outside map border [Default
plots points inside border only].
-O (more ...)
Append to existing PostScript plot.
-P (more ...)
Select "Portrait" plot orientation.
-Q Suppress the production of files with cross-section and
mechanism information.
-T[num_of_planes]
Plots the nodal planes and outlines the bubble which is
transparent. If num_of_planes is 0: both nodal planes are
plotted; 1: only the first nodal plane is plotted; 2: only the
second nodal plane is plotted [Default: 0].
-U[just/dx/dy/][c|label] (more ...)
Draw GMT time stamp logo on plot.
-V[level] (more ...)
Select verbosity level [c].
-W[-|+][pen][attr] (more ...)
set pen attributes for text string or default pen attributes for
fault plane edges. [Defaults: width = default, color = black,
style = solid].
-X[a|c|f|r][x-shift[u]]
-Y[a|c|f|r][y-shift[u]] (more ...)
Shift plot origin.
-Zcpt Give a CPT and let compressive part color be determined by the
z-value in the third column.
-ccopies (more ...)
Specify number of plot copies [Default is 1].
-dinodata (more ...)
Replace input columns that equal nodata with NaN.
-h[i|o][n][+c][+d][+rremark][+rtitle] (more ...)
Skip or produce header record(s).
-icols[l][sscale][ooffset][,...] (more ...)
Select input columns (0 is first column).
-t[transp] (more ...)
Set PDF transparency level in percent.
-:[i|o] (more ...)
Swap 1st and 2nd column on input and/or output.
-^ or just -
Print a short message about the syntax of the command, then
exits (NOTE: on Windows use just -).
-+ or just +
Print an extensive usage (help) message, including the
explanation of any module-specific option (but not the GMT
common options), then exits.
-? or no arguments
Print a complete usage (help) message, including the explanation
of options, then exits.
SEE ALSO
psmeca, psvelo, pspolar, gmt, psbasemap, psxy
REFERENCES
Bomford, G., Geodesy, 4th ed., Oxford University Press, 1980. Aki, K. and P. Richards, Quantitative Seismology, Freeman, 1980. F. A. Dahlen and Jeroen Tromp, Theoretical Seismology, Princeton, 1998, p.167. Definition of scalar moment. Cliff Frohlich, Cliff's Nodes Concerning Plotting Nodal Lines for P, Sh and Sv Seismological Research Letters, Volume 67, Number 1, January-February, 1996 Thorne Lay, Terry C. Wallace, Modern Global Seismology, Academic Press, 1995, p.384. W.H. Press, S.A. Teukolsky, W.T. Vetterling, B.P. Flannery, Numerical Recipes in C, Cambridge University press (routine jacobi)
AUTHOR
Genevieve Patau, Laboratory of Seismogenesis <http://www.ipgp.fr/rech/sismogenese/>, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Departement de Sismologie, Paris, France
COPYRIGHT
2016, P. Wessel, W. H. F. Smith, R. Scharroo, J. Luis, and F. Wobbe
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