scan-build-3.7(1)
NAME
scan-build — Clang static analyzer
SYNOPSIS
scan-build [-ohkvV] [-analyze-headers] [-enable-checker [checker_name]]
[-disable-checker [checker_name]] [--help] [--help-checkers]
[--html-title [=title]] [--keep-going] [-plist] [-plist-html]
[--status-bugs] [--use-c++ [=compiler_path]]
[--use-cc [=compiler_path]] [--view] [-constraints [model]]
[-maxloop N] [-no-failure-reports] [-stats] [-store [model]]
build_command [build_options]
DESCRIPTION
scan-build is a Perl script that invokes the Clang static analyzer.
Options used by scan-build or by the analyzer appear first, followed by
the build_command and any build_options normally used to build the target
system.
The static analyzer employs a long list of checking algorithms, see
CHECKERS. Output can be written in standard .plist and/or HTML format.
The following options are supported:
-analyze-headers
Also analyze functions in #included files.
-enable-checker checker_name, -disable-checker checker_name
Enable/disable checker_name. See CHECKERS.
-h, --help
Display this message.
--help-checkers
List default checkers, see CHECKERS.
--html-title[=title]
Specify the title used on generated HTML pages. A default title
is generated if title is not specified.
-k, --keep-going
Add a “keep on going” option to build_command. Currently
supports make and xcodebuild. This is a convenience option; one
can specify this behavior directly using build options.
-o Target directory for HTML report files. Subdirectories will be
created as needed to represent separate invocations of the
analyzer. If this option is not specified, a directory is
created in /tmp (TMPDIR on Mac OS X) to store the reports.
-plist Output the results as a set of .plist files. (By default the
output of scan-build is a set of HTML files.)
-plist-html
Output the results as a set of HTML and .plist files
--status-bugs
Set exit status to 1 if it found potential bugs and 0 otherwise.
By default the exit status of scan-build is that returned by
build_command.
--use-c++[=compiler_path]
Guess the default compiler for your C++ and Objective-C++ code.
Use this option to specify an alternate compiler.
--use-cc[=compiler_path]
Guess the default compiler for your C and Objective-C code. Use
this option to specify an alternate compiler.
-v Verbose output from scan-build and the analyzer. A second and
third v increases verbosity.
-V, --view
View analysis results in a web browser when the build completes.
-constraints [model]
Specify the contraint engine used by the analyzer. By default
the ‘range’ model is used. Specifying ‘basic’ uses a simpler,
less powerful constraint model used by checker-0.160 and earlier.
-maxloop N
Specifiy the number of times a block can be visited before giving
up. Default is 4. Increase for more comprehensive coverage at a
cost of speed.
-no-failure-reports
Do not create a ‘failures’ subdirectory that includes analyzer
crash reports and preprocessed source files.
-stats Generates visitation statistics for the project being analyzed.
-store [model]
Specify the store model used by the analyzer. By default, the
‘region’ store model is used. ‘region’ specifies a field-
sensitive store model. Users can also specify ‘basic’ which is
far less precise but can more quickly analyze code. ‘basic’ was
the default store model for checker-0.221 and earlier.
EXIT STATUS
scan-build returns the value returned by build_command unless
--status-bugs or --keep-going is used.
CHECKERS
The checkers listed below may be enabled/disabled using the
-enable-checker and -disable-checker options. A default group of
checkers is run unless explicitly disabled. Exactly which checkers
constitute the default group is a function of the operating system in
use; they are listed with --help-checkers.
core.AdjustedReturnValue
Check to see if the return value of a function call is different
than the caller expects (e.g., from calls through function
pointers).
core.AttributeNonNull
Check for null pointers passed as arguments to a function whose
arguments are marked with the ‘nonnull’ attribute.
core.CallAndMessage
Check for logical errors for function calls and Objective-C
message expressions (e.g., uninitialized arguments, null
function pointers).
core.DivideZero
Check for division by zero.
core.NullDereference
Check for dereferences of null pointers.
core.StackAddressEscape
Check that addresses to stack memory do not escape the function.
core.UndefinedBinaryOperatorResult
Check for undefined results of binary operators.
core.VLASize
Check for declarations of VLA of undefined or zero size.
core.builtin.BuiltinFunctions
Evaluate compiler builtin functions, e.g. alloca().
core.builtin.NoReturnFunctions
Evaluate ‘panic’ functions that are known to not return to the
caller.
core.uninitialized.ArraySubscript
Check for uninitialized values used as array subscripts.
core.uninitialized.Assign
Check for assigning uninitialized values.
core.uninitialized.Branch
Check for uninitialized values used as branch conditions.
core.uninitialized.CapturedBlockVariable
Check for blocks that capture uninitialized values.
core.uninitialized.UndefReturn
Check for uninitialized values being returned to the caller.
deadcode.DeadStores
Check for values stored to variables that are never read
afterwards.
debug.DumpCFG
Display Control-Flow Graphs.
debug.DumpCallGraph
Display Call Graph.
debug.DumpDominators
Print the dominance tree for a given Control-Flow Graph.
debug.DumpLiveVars
Print results of live variable analysis.
debug.Stats
Emit warnings with analyzer statistics.
debug.TaintTest
Mark tainted symbols as such.
debug.ViewCFG
View Control-Flow Graphs using GraphViz.
debug.ViewCallGraph
View Call Graph using GraphViz.
llvm.Conventions
Check code for LLVM codebase conventions.
osx.API Check for proper uses of various Mac OS X APIs.
osx.AtomicCAS
Evaluate calls to OSAtomic functions.
osx.SecKeychainAPI
Check for proper uses of Secure Keychain APIs.
osx.cocoa.AtSync
Check for null pointers used as mutexes for @synchronized.
osx.cocoa.ClassRelease
Check for sending ‘retain’, ‘release,’ or ‘autorelease’ directly
to a Class.
osx.cocoa.IncompatibleMethodTypes
Warn about Objective-C method signatures with type
incompatibilities.
osx.cocoa.NSAutoreleasePool
Warn for suboptimal uses of NSAutoreleasePool in Objective-C GC
mode.
osx.cocoa.NSError
Check usage of NSError** parameters.
osx.cocoa.NilArg
Check for prohibited nil arguments to Objective-C method calls.
osx.cocoa.RetainCount
Check for leaks and improper reference count management.
osx.cocoa.SelfInit
Check that ‘self’ is properly initialized inside an initializer
method.
osx.cocoa.UnusedIvars
Warn about private ivars that are never used.
osx.cocoa.VariadicMethodTypes
Check for passing non-Objective-C types to variadic methods that
expect only Objective-C types.
osx.coreFoundation.CFError
Check usage of CFErrorRef* parameters.
osx.coreFoundation.CFNumber
Check for proper uses of CFNumberCreate().
osx.coreFoundation.CFRetainRelease
Check for null arguments to CFRetain(), CFRelease(), and
CFMakeCollectable().
osx.coreFoundation.containers.OutOfBounds
Checks for index out-of-bounds when using the CFArray API.
osx.coreFoundation.containers.PointerSizedValues
Warns if CFArray, CFDictionary, or CFSet are created with non-
pointer-size values.
security.FloatLoopCounter
Warn on using a floating point value as a loop counter (CERT:
FLP30-C, FLP30-CPP).
security.insecureAPI.UncheckedReturn
Warn on uses of functions whose return values must be always
checked.
security.insecureAPI.getpw
Warn on uses of getpw().
security.insecureAPI.gets
Warn on uses of gets().
security.insecureAPI.mkstemp
Warn when mkstemp() is passed fewer than 6 X's in the format
string.
security.insecureAPI.mktemp
Warn on uses of mktemp().
security.insecureAPI.rand
Warn on uses of rand(), random(), and related functions.
security.insecureAPI.strcpy
Warn on uses of strcpy() and strcat().
security.insecureAPI.vfork
Warn on uses of vfork().
unix.API
Check calls to various UNIX/Posix functions.
unix.Malloc
Check for memory leaks, double free, and use-after-free.
unix.cstring.BadSizeArg
Check the size argument passed into C string functions for
common erroneous patterns.
unix.cstring.NullArg
Check for null pointers being passed as arguments to C string
functions.
EXAMPLE
scan-build -o /tmp/myhtmldir make -j4
The above example causes analysis reports to be deposited into a
subdirectory of /tmp/myhtmldir and to run make with the -j4 option. A
different subdirectory is created each time scan-build analyzes a
project. The analyzer should support most parallel builds, but not
distributed builds.
AUTHORS
scan-build was written by Ted Kremenek. Documentation contributed by
James K. Lowden ⟨jklowden@schemamania.org⟩.
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