Page 332 opposite upon the Continent, naturally fortify'd; from whence afterwards (growing Strong) they they weary'd the Chians with frequent Invasions. During these things, Alcibiades and Thrasybulus, having fortify'd Labsacus, left there a sufficient Garrison; and then sail'd with the whole Army to Theramenes, who was then besieging Chalcedon, having a Fleet of Seventy Sail, and five Thousand Men under his Command. The Generals, drawing up the whole Army together in a Body, Block't up the City by a Wall of Timber, drawn from Sea to Sea. Upon which Hippocrates, made Governor there by the Lacedemonians (whom the Laconians call Harmostis) made a Sally both with the Lacedemonians, and all the Chalcedonians: And joyning Battle with Alcibiades (whose Souldiers fought with great Resolution) Hippocrates was slain, and many more kill'd and wounded, and the rest fled back into the City. Afterwards Alcibiades pass'd over into the Hellespont, and Chersonesus, with a Design to raise Monies. But Theramenes came to Terms with the Chalcedonians, and agreed that they should pay the same Tribute that they did before; and so drew off his Forces, and came before Byzantium, designing to block up that place.
In the mean time, Alcibiades having got together a vast Sum of Mony, procured many of the Thracians to joyn with him; and then making a League and Association with all them of Chersonesus, he loosed from thence with his whole Amy, and gain'd Selymbria by Surrender, from whence he exacted a great Sum of Mony; and placing there a Garrison, hasten'd away to Theramenes at Byzantium, where they joyntly assault the Town with their whole Strength: For they were to subdue a City that was very large, and full of Resolute Men; for besides the Byzantines, who were very numerous, Clearchus Harmostes the Lacedemonian, had with him in the City a Strong Garrison, both of Peloponesians and of Mercenaries; insomuch that (tho' they violently assaulted it) for a long time they were not able to make any considerable Impression upon the Besieg'd. But the Governor of the City, being gone to Pharnabazus for Mony, some of the Byzantines, who had taken a Distaste at his Government (For Clearchus was sharp and rigid) betray'd the City into the Hands of Alcibiades, in this Manner: The Besiegers made as if they would raise the Siege, and Ship off their Army into Ionia; and to that purpose, in the Evening, they Sail'd away with their whole Fleet, and drew off their Land-Forces at some Distance from the Town; but at Midnight the Army march'd back close to the City; and having before sent back their Gallies with Orders, that they should hale the Ships of the Byzantines out of the Harbour, and set up a great Shout, as if all the Army were there present, they themselves with the Land-Forces kept ready drawn up in a Body, close to the Walls, in Expectation of the Sign. In the Execution of these Commands, whilst some of the Ships were broken in pieces by the Beaks of the Ships of the Athenians, and others by Grappling-Irons were hal'd forth, and a great and terrible Shout was made, the Peloponesians in the City, ignorant of the Treachery, sally'd out to the Harbour, for the Defence of the City. In the mean time the Traitors gave the Sign from the Walls, and by Ladders took in the Souldiers of Alcibiades, while they of the Garrison were out at the Port. But the Peloponesians being inform'd of the Treachery, left half the Forces in the Port, and with the rest, ran with all Speed to guard the Walls, of which the Enemy was now disposess'd. And altho' the whole Athenian Army was broke in, yet the Besieg'd were not in the least discourag'd for a long time; but with the help of the Byzantines so couragiously oppos'd the Athenians, that the City had never come into their Hands, if Alcibiades had not made Proclamation that none of the Byzantines should be injur'd; which was a thing very seasonably advis'd: upon which the Townsmen turn'd their Arms upon the Lacedemonians, so that many of them (fighting it out with great Gallantry) were kill'd. The rest, to the number of five Hundred, fled, as Suppliants; to the Altars of the Gods. The Athenians restor'd the City to the Byzantines, and renew'd the League and Confederacy. The Suppliants likewise were receiv'd upon Terms, that they should deliver up their Arms, and that their Persons should be Transported to Athens, there to be dispos'd of, as the People should think fit.
The Histories of Herodotus written in 440 BC is considered to be the founding work of history in Western literature. His history included stories and fables but he claimed to have traveled extensively and learned about many countries through direct observation.
The thesis of Stolen Legacy is that the Egyptians created what is wrongly called Greek philosophy. Dr. James argues that the African origin of Greek Philosophy is well known but rarely discussed. Ancient Greek historians such as Herodotus and Diodorus the Sicilian wrote in significant detail about the contributions of Egypt. Egyptian technology and libraries were unmatched and Greek philosophers such as Pythagoras and Plato studied there. The contribution of Africa to the intellectual foundation of modern knowledge is tremendous but unacknowledged.
The Library of History by Diodorus the Sicilian is one of the most highly regarded universal histories in antiquities. His work includes the history of Egypt, Asia, Africa, Greece and Europe. His book is a must read for research of ancient history.
Bible Study The King James Bible (kjv), World English Bible (web) and Bible in Basic English (bbe) are all examples of public domain books. The King James Bible (kjv) online uses the content from these books and open source software to enhance Bible study capabilities. The site includes the verse of the day, search tools, christian literature and links to related content. It demonstrates the use of open source to create a valuable service.